MATHEMATICS 158 - CRYPTOGRAPHY

Professor: Jeff Hoffstein
Office: 104 Kassar-Gould House
Email: jhoff@math.brown.edu
Office Hours: 1-3 Monday, or by appointment

ALERT!! CHANGE OF TIME AND LOCATION!!: There will be an optional 1 hour problem solving session on Monday evenings from 7-8 in BH 163.

 


Grades in the course are based on weekly homework assignments (25%), one midterm (25%)), one project (15%) and the final examination (35%). Homework assignments and due dates will be posted on the website. I will discuss my policy about students working together on homeworks in class.

There will be an (optional) problem solving session on Monday evenings, time to be determined.

Plan on taking the final exam at the scheduled time. I only give make-up exams for illness or conflicts with other scheduled exams.

Undergraduates with an interest or major in mathematics can check out the Mathematics Department undergraduate program website at http://www.math.brown.edu/ugrad_prog.html and the links there to the Math DUG and WISE (Women in Science and Engineering) groups.

This website will be updated weekly. The schedule below, in particular should be viewed as EXTREMELY tentative.



THE PROJECT: There are an incredible number of interesting ideas that I won't have a chance to cover this semester. I'd like you to compensate for this just a little bit by choosing an area of cryptography that interests you and exploring it. This can mean taking something we've done and going further, or looking at something completely new. For example, possible topics include elliptic curve cryptography (including, if you like, the elliptic curve factoring approach), further analysis of other factoring algorithms, such as the quadratic sieve or the number field sieve, index calculus and discrete logarithms, quantum computing, quantum cryptography, digital cash, internet voting, signature schemes that we don't get a chance to talk about, and those that we do taken further, threshold secret sharing,...., aspects of lattice based cryptography that go beyond what we discuss, such as Atjai-Dwork, GGH, knapsack problems and NP hard problems, and the list goes on.

List of errata and other things: http://www.math.brown.edu/~jhs/MathCryptoHome.html

THE FINAL EXAM IS Friday December 16 from 2-5


Calendar Material Covered Homework Assignments

Sept 10

Overview
See below for HW #1
Sept 15
Sept 17
The Euclidean algorithm and modular arithmetic
Modular arithmetic and finite fields
Sept 22
Sept 24
Fermat's Little theorem, primitive roots. fast exponentiation
symmetric ciphers, discrete logarithms
1.17 a-e ; 1.18; 1.22; 1.25,a;c1.30,a;1.31; 1.32,a
Sept 29
Oct 1
Diffie-Hellman, El Gamal 1.41,1.42, 1.48, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8, 2.10

 

Oct 6

Oct 8

 

Chinese remainder theorem, square roots mod n

No Class (Will be made up during reading period. Problem session in place of class - same time, same place.)

2.16 a,b,f; 2.18 a,d; 2.19; 2.23 a,c; 2.26; 2.27

Due Oct 13

Oct 13

Oct 15

Pohlig- Hellman, Euler's theorem

RSA and some simple attacks

 

2.28 a (you can do it!); 3.1 a,c; 3.2;3.6,3.7, 3.8 a; 3.12; Due Oct 22

Oct 20

Oct 22

Attacks on RSA, primality testing

Miller-Rabin test, distribution of primes, Pollard's p-1 factorization method

Oct 27

Oct 29

Midterm (in class)

Return of midterm (I hope!), Quadratic reciprocity, Goldwasser-Micali cryptosystem

Nov 3

 

Nov 5

The N=1 case of NTRU, subset sum problems

 

Introduction to lattices

 

3.14 b,d; 3.15; 3.21 b; 3.41 a; Due Nov 10

Read sections 6.1,6.2

 

 

Nov 10

Nov 12

Lattices, Gaussian heuristic, short vectors 6.1; 6.3; 6.9*; 6.13 (The * means that 6.9 is optional and extra)

Nov 17

Nov 19

Short vectors, closest vectors, Babai's algorithm, the GGH cryptosystem 6.17; 6.18 Due Nov 24

Nov 24

Nov 26

Polynomial rings and NTRU

Thanksgiving!

6.50 a; Read 2.10.

 

HW #1: Read Chapter 1. Problems: 1.5a (Try b and see what you can do...); 1.6; 1.7c,d; 1.9a,d; 1.10 a, d; 1.11